Refrigeration



C. C. 'COONS REFRIGERATION May 14, 1946.

Filed July 18, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR Curtis 0. Coons BY 52'@ZMMQ ATTORNEY y 9 6- c. com 2,400,191'

REFRIGERATION Filed July 18, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR fiurtis 6.000128 ATTORNEY May 1946- I c. c. cooNs 2,400,191

REFRIGERATION Filed July 18, 1942 $Sheegs-Sheet :5

mvr-zu'ron turtle 6. 600m ATTORNEY Patented May 14, 1946 Curtis 0.Coons, North Qanton, Ohio, assignor to The Hoover Company, North Canton,Ohio, a.

corporation of Ohio Application July 13, 1942, SerialNo. 451,443

(o1. sa nas) 25 Claims.

This invention relates to the art of absorption refrigeratingapparatuses and. more particularly to an absorption refrigeratingapparatus of the three-fluid type, especially adapted to produce auseful refrigerating eifect at a first temperature level suitable foreffective preservation of foodstuffs and the like and to produce asecond refrigerating effect at a lower temperature level'suitable forfreezing ice, producing frozen foodstuffs and the like.

It is further a particular object of the present invention to providelow temperature refrigeration for the production of ice and the like byevaporating substantially pure liquid refrigerant into an inert gas andto provide for higher temperature refrigeration for the preservation :offoodstuffs and the like by evaporating liq id reto liberatesubstantially pure refrigerant vapor, a condenser C," a low temperatureevaporator 'E, a high temperature evaporator H, a gas heat exchanger G,a tubular air cooled absorber A, a solution reservoir S, a liquid heatexchanger L, a circulating fan or pump F which is driven by a suitableelectrical motor M. These elements are suitably interconnected byvarious conduit to 1 form a plurality of gas and liquid circuits to becartridge heater or by-a combustible fuel burner frlgerant from asolution of the refrigerant and I absorbing liquid into the inert gas.

It is. a further object of the present invention such as a gas burner.

The heating element for the boiler and the electrical motor M will begoverned by any suitable control mechanism for regulating the pro- 1duction of refrigeration. A preferred form of control'mechanism isillustrated and described in United States Patent No. 2,228,343, issuedJanuary 14, 1941.

In the normal operation of the apparatus the 80 tained. 'I'he vapor "soiormed passes upwardlyexchange relationship with the cold liquidproduced in the high temperature evaporating zone and to produce therefrigerant utilized inthe low temperature evaporating zone from theliquid discharged from the high temperature evaporate ing zone.

Qther objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent asthe description proceeds when taken in connection with theaccompanyingfj the U-shaped-conduit 13 into the inner path of thesecondportion ll of the heat exchanger R drawings in which: a

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic illustration partly in sectionaand partly inenlarged perspective of a refrigerating apparatus embodying the presentinvention, Q I

' Figure'2 is a; partial sectional elevational view illustratingthemanner in which the present invention is associated with the cabinetof a domestic refrigerating apparatus, and

. Figure 3 is a. view similar to Figure lot a modified form of theinvention.

- Referring now to Figure 1 there is illustrated a three-fluidabsorption refrigerating apparatus.

comprising a boiler B, an analyzer D, ahe'at transfer, element Rdesigned to p'rodueefayen rich through the analyzer D in'contact withand in counterflow relationship to strong absorbent solution flowingdownwardly through the analyzer. The resulting vapors are then conveyedfrom the upper portion of the analyzer D through the conduit II to theinner path of the portion ll of theheat exchange element R. A portion ofthe vapors supplied to the conduit l I are condensed in the element 1'2and are drained therefrom through wherein the condensate is pre-cooledin a manducted'through the conduit l5 into the gas supply conduit. ofthe evaporator H through which it flows by gravity in counterflowrelationship to the inert gas. Conduit I5 includes a U-shaped gas liftpump portion lIa to elevate the condensate intofthe evaporator which ishigher than IeIementR. 1 Pumping gas is introduced into the eve -lemm ofU shaped element lia by conthe conduit 2| to the "outer path of theelement 1 l2 of the heat exchanger R in which it is brought 7 into heatexchange relationship with the 'hot vapors supplied to the conduit I I.

In the element l2 refrigerant vapor is evolved from the rich solutiondischarged from the evaporator H. The refrigerant vapor then. flowsthrough conduit 23 to the condenserC. The remaining solution is thendrained through the conduit 24 to the richsolution return line 25 of theboiler-analyzer assembly. The conduit 24 opens into the upper portion ofthe element l2 to insure that the inner conduit of the element l2 willalways be submerged in the condensate.

A U-shaped finned conduit 26 is connected to the bight portion of theU-shaped conduit 13 in order to relieve the element R of vapor which haspassed therethrough uncondensed, and also to purge the element R of anynon-condensible vapors. These vapors and non-condensible gases passthrough conduit 26 to the condenser C. Any condensate formed in conduit28 drains back into the conduit is and flows into the evaporator H. Thevapors supplied through conduit 23 are substantially pure ammonia and asa result the condensate formed in the condenser C is pure liquidammonia. This condensate is drained from the bottom portion of thecondenser through the conduit 21 to the gas inlet portion 28 of thefreezing evaporator E. The conduit 21 is U-shaped to form a liquidsealing trap and passes in contact with the air cooling fins 29 on onesection ofthe evaporator H in order to pre-cool the liquid''refrigerant.

The evolution of refrigerant vapor in the boiler B produces a weaksolution of refrigerant in the absorbent which is removed therefrom tothe reservoir S by way of the conduit 30, liquid heat exchanger L, andthe finned looped pro-cooling conduit 3|. The liquid is conveyed fromthe reservoir S to the upper portion of the absorber through the gaslift pump conduit 33 which is supplied with pumping gas from conduit 34which connects to the discharge conduit 35 of the inert gas circulatorF. The upper gas space of the reservoir S is ventedby means of theconduit 36 to the suction connection 31 of the-circulatin fan therebyplacing the liquid in the reservoir S under the suction pressure of thefan'which is the lowest pressure prevailing in the system The absorbingsolution flows downwardly by "gravity through the absorber A incounterflow relationship with and in contact with a rich mixa conduit 36of the reservoir S and the lower portion of the condenser C above theliquid level in the conduit 2! in order to relieve the condenser ofnon-condensible products and to maintain the condenser pressuresubstantially at that prevailing in the suction conduit 31 of the gascirculator F.

The inert gas which is discharged under pressure from the circulatingelement-- F passes through the conduit 35, the inner path of the gasheat exchanger G and conduit28 where it enters the evaporator E. Theinert gas flows through the evaporator E with sufficient velocity andpressure to circulate the liquid refrigerant therethrough by thefrictional drag of the relatively high velocity stream of inert gasflowing in contact therewith. Thus the inertgas serves to distribute theliquid and to circulate the same through the conduit forming theevaporator E .asthe liquid is evaporating into the inert gas to producea refrigerating effect.

After traversing the evaporator E the inert gas exits therefrom throughpipe 42 to the outer path of the gas heat exchanger from which it isconveyed through the conduit I8 into the evaporator H. The evaporator His sloped downwardly from its point of connection with conduit 15a toprovide for gravity flow of the refrigerant counter to the flow of theinert gas. The cross sectional area of the conduits forming evaporator His larger than the cross sectional area of the conduits formingevaporator E. The solution partially evaporates in evaporator andproduces a refrigerating efiect as described hereinabove. The inert gasis then conveyed from the gas discharge conduit [1 of the evaporator Hto the bottom portion of the absorber A by means of the conduit 43. Theinert gas then flows upwardly through the absorber A and returns to thegas circulator through the conduit 31.

Referring now to Figure 2 the manner in which the above describedrefrigerating apparatus is assembled with a cabinet will be described.Only the upper portion of the cabinet structure and its associatedrefrigerating elements are illustrated in detail as the arrangement ofthe mechanism compartment, particularly the arrangement of boiler,absorber, solution circuit conduits and the circulating fan and itsmotor will be substantially that illustrated and described in U. S.Letters Patent 2,250,944, issued July 29, 1941, that is, with theabsorber, boiler assembly underlying the food storage chamber of thecabinet structure.

The cabinet structure comprises an insulated housing 5| which containsin its upper portion an insulated partition 52 separating the housinginto an upper freezing chamber 53 and a lower food storage chamber 54.The chambers 53 and 54 may be reached through the insulated cabinet door55. An additional dOOr 56 is provided for the chamber 53 in order toprevent warming of the freezing chamber when the door is opened solelyfor the purpose of obtaining access to the chamber 54.

The evaporator E is positioned in the lower portion of the chamber 53and supports on its upper surface a flat plate 5! of heat conductingmaterial which is adapted to support freezing eceptacles such as icetrays and the like.

The evaporator H which is provided with air cooling fins, as shown, ispositioned in the upper portion of the chamber 54 directly beneath thepartition 52.

The condense C is positioned in the upper portion of an air flue 60which extends vertically along, the rear side wall of the cabinet 50 andin T5 the usual manner will communicate with the underlying mechanismchamber which is also openfor flow of cooling air therethrough. The gasheat exchanger, the auxiliary condensing element :8, the parts I! and Hof the element R, the various connecting conduit are positioned in theflue 60 in the manner shown. If desired, insulatlng material may beapplied to the ga heat exchanger G, the various portions of the elementR and the conduit connecting the element It to the analyzer and to theevaporator H.

The rear wall of the cabinet ,50 is provided with an opening 8| which isdesigned to be closed by an insulated closure or window element 82. Asuitable gasket 63 may be provided to seal the joints between thecabinet and the element 62.

When the apparatus is constructed the entire refrigerating machine willbe assembled together with the element 62 and will be tested as a unitafter which the refrigerating apparatu will he slid forwardly into thecabinet from the rear to extend the evaporator elements through theopening 6i and to bring the element 62 into position in that opening. r-

The plate 52 as shown is formed integrally with the cabinet and isprovided with a slot 64 which is sealed by a forwardly projecting panel65 to accommodate the vertically extending portion of the conduit 21.However, if desired the panel 52 may be made as an integral part of theelement 62 in which event it will be assembled with the cabinet when therefrigerating mechanism is assembled therewith.

Referring now to Figure 3 there is illustrated a modified form of theinvention of the type in which the liquid refrigerant is circulated by aheat operated vapor lift pump and the circulation of inert gas isachieved by the density differential existing between the cold rich gasenroute' to the absorber and the warm lean gas flowing from the absorberto' the evaporator. With this form of the invention a light gas such ashydrogen is preferred as the pressure equalizing medium.

therein contained and produces weak solution.

The vapor so formed elevates the weak solution through the vapor liftconduit 88 by the wellknown vapor lift action and the-resulting leansolution flows through the conduit 8|, liquid heat into the element I!of the element R, which function similarly to the element It describedabove.

The inner pass M of the element R .is connected by conduit 8| toa gasseparation vessel T. The vessel T is positioned with its lower portionat an elevation above the upper or gas outlet portion of evaporator Hand is drained into the upper portion of evaporator. H by means of a U-shaped conduit 88. The upper or gas containing space of vessel T isvented by conduit 92 which connects to the lower end of condenser 26'.The

upper end of condenser is vented by conduit 95 to the upper portion ofcondenser C.

The condensate flows by gravity through. evaporator H and is drainedfrom the lower gas inlet portion of evaporator H by means of conduit 84.Conduit 94 opens into the outer pass pressure increases substantially toforce the actapered throughout its length. Thus the channel exchanger L'and conduit 82 to the upper end of the absorber A. The rich solutionformed in the absorber flows from the lower portion thereof to theboiler B byway of the conduit 83:1iduid cumulated condensate and some ofthe vapor upwardly into the vessel T after which the vapor flows intocondenser 28' and is condensed except for non-condensible materialswhich pass on to the condenser C.

The solution which passes through the element l2 after evolution ofrefrigerant vapor therefrom drains through the conduit 81 to the upperend 'of the analyzer gas separation chamber'85 and flows downwardlyacross the plates 86 in contact with and in counterflow relationshipwith the vapor flowing upwardly through the chamber 85 to the conduit lI.

In this form of the invention the ice freezing evaporator 88 is formedof a relatively large diameter conduit which is continuously slopeddownward slightly from its point of connection with its gas dischargeconduit 42' to its gas supply conduit 28' to provide for gravity flow ofliquid refrigerant therethrough. The evaporator 89 supports a horizontaltray supporting shelf I00 which is secured to and maintained inhorizontal position by channel element lfll. The channel NH conforms tothe evaporator conduit 89 and is is deepest at the gas inlet end ofconduit 89 which is the lowest part of the evaporator and the channeltapers to substantially zero depth adjacent the point of connection ofconduit 42' to the evaporator which is the highest part of theevaporator.

The conduit 21' enters the evaporator conduit adjacent its point ofconnection with the gas discharge conduit 42' to. provide forcounterflow of the refrigerant and inert gas in the evaporator 88.

The inert gas circuit is as follows: The lean inert gas formed in theabsorber is conveyed from the upper end thereof to the inner path of thegas heat exchanger G by the conduit 80 and then through the conduit 28'to the evaporator 89.

described hereinafter. The hot vapor servesto evolve refrigerant vaporfrom this solution and the resulting vapors pass through the conduit llAfter traversing the evaporator 89 the inert gas is conveyed throughconduit 42 to the outer path of the gas heat exchanger from which it isconveyed -through conduit l8 to evaporator H and from the evaporator Hto the bottom portion of the absorber A by the conduit 43', thuscompleting the inert gas circuit.

In this form of the 'invention the inert gas is circulated by thedifference in density between the warm lean column of inert gas flowingupwardly through the conduit 90 and the cool rich column of inert gasdescending through the conduit 43.

This form of the invention is designed and intended to be assembled witha cabinet structure similarly to the manner in which the form of theinvention illustrated in Figure l is associated with a cabinetstructure.

The present invention is particularly designed and intended to providesatisfactory refrigeration at a low temperature freezing level and at ahigh temperature food preservation level while utilizing a three-fluidabsorption .efrigerating mechanism. This object is particularlyaccomplished by producing the high temperature refrigerating effect byevaporating from a solution of the liquid refrigerant in the absorbentcontainin approximately 80% by weight of refrigerant when supplied tothe high temperature evaporating coil. By this means the hightemperature refrigerating effect is efliciently produced and theevaporator will never frost up though it may collect some condensatewhen the air within the compartment 54 is humid. If desired, a suitablelouvred condensate collecting tray maybe positioned beneath theevaporators H and H.

The present invention efficiently utilizes'the necessary rectificationof the vapors in refrigerating apparatuses to provide the refrigerantfor the high temperature evaporating zone and at the same time insuresthat the heat of rectification will not be wasted and rejectedultimately from the system. This object is accomplished by utilizing theheat of rectification to produce substantially pure refrigerant vaporfrom the solution discharged from the high temperature evaporator. Thevapor so produced is then condensed in an air-cooled condenser and issupplied to the low temperature evaporator. The high temperatureevaporator operates on a solution of refrigerant in the absorbent andthe low temperature evaporator operates with pure liquid refrigerant.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Figure 1, the overflowsolution from the rectifying heat exchange element mixes with the richsolution returning to the analyzer and flows into the analyzer.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Fi ure 3 the solutiondischarging from the rectifying element forms the sole liquid supply tothe anayzer.

It is characteristicof both forms of the invention that the hot mixtureof refrigerant and absorbent vapor supplied to the rectifying and heatexchange elements R. and R flow in counterfiow relationship and in heatexchange relationship with the relatively cold solution which issupplied to the heat exchange and rectifying elements R and R. from thelow temperature evaporator; liquid supplied to the low temperatureevaporator is cool, the overflow liquid flowing to the analyzer is at anelevated temperature and the vapors passing to the condenser leave therectifying and heat exchange elements in direct heat exchangerelationship with the freshly generated vapors.

It is also a characteristic of the present invention that sincerefrigerant for one evaporator is vaporized in a first heating zone, kcondensed in a first condensation zone, is reevaporated in a secondheating zone and is re-condensed in a second condensation zone duringwhich process it is completely relieved oi non-condensible gases Byreason of this relationship the and of absorption liquid and vapor ofabsorption liquid.

It is therefore characteristic of the present invention that the lowtemperature freezing evaporator is supplied with substantially pureliquid refrigerant without, however, occasioning any loss of heat fromthe system by way of. rectification. It is also characteristic that therectifying process may economically be carried to absolute completion inthe present construction as distinguished from partial completion inprior constructions.

While only one embodiment of the invention has been shown and describedherein, it is apparent that various changes may be made in thearrangement and construction of parts without departing from the spiritof the invention or the scope of the annexed claims.

I claim:

1. Refrigerating apparatus comprising a pair of evaporators, a boiler,an absorber, means connecting said absorber and said evaporators forcirculation of an inert gas therebetween, means connecting said boilerand said absorber for circulation of absorption solution therebetween, aheat exchange element arranged to receive vapors from said boiler and tosupply condensate produced by liquefying said vapors to one of saidevaporators, means for conveying condensate which has traversed said oneevaporator to said heat exchange element, and means for condensingvapors evolved in said heat exchange element from condensate which hastraversed said one evaporator and for supplying the condensate producedby liquefying said last mentioned vapors to said other evaporator.

2. Refrigerating apparatus comprising a pair of evaporators, a boiler,an absorber, means connecting said absorber and said evaporators forcirculation of an inert gas therebetween, means element and forsupplying the condensate produced in said means for condensing vapors tothe other of said evaporators. I

3. Absorption refrigerating apparatus comprising a pair of evaporators,a boiler, an absorber, means providing for circulation of absorptionsolution between said boiler and said absorber, means providing forcirculation of inert gas between said absorber and said evaporators, andstructure constructed and arranged to supply liquid to. one of saidevaporators derived by liquefying vapor evolved in said boiler and tosupply liquid to the'other of said e"aporators derived by liquefyingvapor evolved from liquid removed from said one evaporator.

4. In a refrigerating apparatus, a pair of evaporators, a boiler, anabsorber, a condenser, means spoon-e1" boiler by heat transferred tosaid second part, mean for supplying liquid from said first part to oneof said evaporators, means for supplying liquid from said one evaporatorto said second part, said second part being constructed and arranged tovaporize liquid received from said one evaporator by heat transferredfrom said first part, means for conducting vapor from said second partto said condenser, and means for conducting liquid from said condenserto the other of said evaporators.

'5. In a refrigerating apparatus, a pair of evaporators, a boiler, anabsorber, a condenser, means providing for circulation of absorptionsolution between said absorber and said boiler, means providing forcirculation of inert gas between said absorber and said evaporato'rs, aheat exchange means including a first part and a sec.

ond part, means for supplying vapor from said boiler to said first part,said first part being constructed and arranged to liquefy vapor receivedfrom said boiler by heat transferred to said sec-v ond part, means forsupplying liquid from said first part to one of said evaporators, meansfor supplying liquid from said one evaporator to said second part, saidsecond part being constructed and arranged to vaporize liquid receivedfrom said one evaporator by heat transferred from said first part, meansfor conducting vapor from said second part to said condenser, means forconducting liquid from said condenser to the other of said evaporators,an auxiliary condenser connected between said first part and saidcondenser to condense vapor uncondensed in said first part and to supplycondensate to said first part.

6. In a refrigerating apparatus, a pair of evaporators, a boiler, anabsorber, a condenser, means providing for circulation of absorptionsolution between said vabsorber and said boiler, means providing forcirculation of inert gas between said .absorber and said evaporators; aheat ex-v change means including a first part and a sec-. ond part,means for supplying vapor fromsaid boiler to said first part, said firstpart being constructed and arranged to liquefy vapor received from saidboiler by heat transferred to said .secondzpart, means for supplyingliquid from said first part to one of said evaporators, means forsupplying liquid from said one evaporatorto said second part, saidsecond .part being cona structed and arranged to vaporize liquidreceived ducting liquid from said second-part to said boiler evaporatorby heat transferred from said first part, means for conducting vaporfrom said second part'to said condenser, means for conducting liquidfrom said condenser to the other of said evaporators, means forconducting liquid from said second part to said boiler and for passingsaid liquid into heat exchange relationship with vapor produced in saidboiler, an auxiliary condenser connected between said first part andsaid means for supplying vapor from said boiler to said first part, saidfirst part being constructed and arranged to liquefyvapor received fromsaid boiler by heat transferred to said second part, means for supplyingliquid from said first part to one of said evaporators, means forsupplying liquid from said one evaporator to said second part, saidsecond part being constructed and arranged to vaporize liquid receivedfrom said one evaporator by heat transferred from said first part, meansfor conducting vapor from said second part to said condenser, means forconducting liquid from said condenser to the other of said evaporators,and means for passing liquid from said second part and liquid enroutefrom said absorber to said boilerin contact with vapor flowing from saidboiler.

9. In a refrigerator a cabinet structure including an insulatedrefrigerating compartment and a vertically extending cooling air fiue,insulated means dividing said refrigerating compartment into freezingand food preserving portion; an absorption refrigerating apparatusassociated with said cabinet structure including an evaporator in eachof said portions of said cabinet structure,

andfor passing said liquid into heat exchange relationship wlth vaporproduced in said boiler.

absorber and said evaporators, a heat exchange.

means including a first part and a second part,-

means for supplying vapor from said oiler ,to

said first part, said first part beingconstructed and arranged toliquefy vapor received from said .boiler by heat transferred to saidsecond part,

means for supplying liquid fromsaid first part to one of saidevaporators, means for supplying E liquid from said one evaporator tosaid second part, said second part being constructed and arranged tovaporize liquid received from said one an air cooled condenser in saidflue, an absorber,

a boiler, means providing for circulation of absorption solution betweensaid absorber and said boiler, means providing for circulation of inertgas between said absorber and said evaporators, a heat exchange meansincluding a first part and a second part, means for supplying vapor fromsaid boiler to said first part, said first part being constructed andarranged to liquefy vapor receivedfrom said boiler by heat transferredto said second para-means for supplying liquid from said first part toone of said evaporators, means for supplying liquid from said oneevaporator to said second part, said second part'being constructed andarranged to vaporize liquid received from said "one evaporator by heattransferred from said first part,.means for conducting vapor from saidsecond part to saidcondenser, and meansffor conducting liquid from saidcondenser to the other of said evaporators.

10. In arefrigerator a cabinet structure including an insulatedrefrigerating compartment and a. verticall'y'extendmg cooling air flue,insu lated means dividing said refrigerating compartmentdnto freezingand food preserving portions;

an absorption refrigerating apparatus associated with said cabinetstructure including heat rejectingmeans arranged to be cooled by airflowing through said flue, a boiler, means constructedand arranged tosupply the evaporator insaid food preserving portion of said cabinetwith a refrigerant produced by condensation of vapor produced in saidboiler, means constructed and arranged to supply the evaporator in saidfreezing portion with refrigerant condensed from vapors evolved byabsorption of the heat of condensation of the liquid supplied to theevaporator in said food preserving portion.

11. That improvement in the art of refrigeration which includes thesteps of applying heat to a solution of refrigerant in an absorbent toevolve vapor therefrom, liquefying said vapor by heat exchange withliquid discharged from an evaporating zone, supplying said liquefiedvapor to said evaporating zone, evolving vapor from the liquiddischarged from said evaporating zone by the heat absorbed in liquefyingsaid first mentioned vapor, and liquefying said last mentioned vapor andsupplying the resulting liquid to another evaporating zone.

12. That improvement in the art of refrigeration which includes thesteps of applying heat to a solution of refrigerant in an absorbent toevolve vapor therefrom, liquefying said vapor by heat exchange withliquid discharged from an evaporating zone, supplying said liquefiedvapor to said evaporating zone, evolving vapor from the liquiddischarged from said evaporating zone by the heat absorbed in liquefyingsaid first mentioned vapor, liquefying said last mentioned vapor andsupplying the resulting liquid to another evaporating zone, and flowingan inert gaseous medium through said second mentioned evaporating .zoneand then through said first mentioned evaporating zone.

13. In a refrigerating apparatus, a pair of evaporators, a boiler, anabsorber, a condenser, means providing for circulation of absorptionsolution between said absorber and said boiler. means providing forcirculation of inert gas between said absorber and said evaporators, aheat exchange means including a first part and a second part, means forsupplying vapor from said boiler to said first part, said first partbeing constructed and arranged to liquefy vapor received from saidboiler by heat transferred to said second part, means for supplyingliquid from said first part to one of said evaporators, means forsupplying liquid from said one evaporator to said second part, saidsecond part being constructed and arranged to vaporize liquid receivedfrom said one evaporator by'heat transferred from said first part, meansfor conducting vapor from said second part to said condenser, and meansfor conducting liquid from said condenser to the other of saidevaporators in heat transfer relationship with said one evaporator.

14. In a refrigerating apparatus, a pair of evaporators, a boiler, anabsorber, a condenser, means providing for circulation of absorptionsolution between said absorber and said boiler,

means providing for circulation of inert gas between said absorber andsaid evaporators, a heat exchange means including a first part and asecond part, means for supplying vapor from said boiler to said firstpart, said first part being constructed and arranged to liquefy vaporreceived from said boiler by heat transferred to said second part, meansfor supplying liquid from said first part to one of said evaporators,means for supplying liquid from said one evaporator to said second part,said second part being constructed and arranged to vaporize liquidreceived from said one evaporator by heat transferred from said firstpart, means for conducting vapor from said second part to saidcondenser, and means for cluding an insulated refrigerating compartmentand a vertically extending coolingair flue, insulated means dividingsaid refrigerating compartment into freezing and food preservingportions; an absorption refrigerating pparatus associated with saidcabinet structure including an evaporator in each of said portions ofsaid cabinet structure, an air cooled condenser in said fiue, anabsorber, a boiler, the evaporator in said food preserving portioncomprising an elongated gas and liquid passageway formin means providedwith an extensive air cooling surface, the evaporator in said freezingportions comprising an elongated gas and liquid passageway forming meansadapted to underlie and refrigerate freezing receptacles and the like,means arranged to receive vapor from said boiler and to condense suchvapor by heat exchange with liquid discharged from said evaporator insaid food preserving portion, means for conducting liquid condensed fromsaid vapor from said vapor receiving means to said evaporator in saidfood preserving portion, means for liquefying vapor evolved in saidvapor receiving means from the liquid discharged from said evaporator insaid food preserving portion, and means for conveying liquid from saidlast mentioned liquefying means to said evaporator in said freezingportion in heat exchange relationship with the evaporator in said foodpreserving portion.

16. In a refrigerating apparatus, a pair of evaporators, a boiler, anabsorber, a condenser, means providing for circulation of absorptionsolution between said absorber and said boiler, means providing forcirculation of inert gas between said absorber and said evaporators, aheat exchange means including a first part and a second part. means forsupplying vapor from said boiler to said first part, said first partbeing constructed and arranged to liquefy vapor received from saidboiler by heat transferred to said second part, means for supplyingliquid from said first part to one of said evaporators, means forsupplying liquid from said one evaporator to said second part, saidsecond part being constructed and arranged to vaporize liquid receivedfrom said one evaporator by heat transferred from said first part, meansfor conducting vapor from said second part to said condenser, and meansfor conducting liquid from said condenser to the other of saidevaporators, said means providing for circulation of inert gas being soarranged that inert gas flows from said absorber to said anotheevaporator in heat exchange relationship with inert gas flowing fromsaid another evaporator to said one evaporator.

17. Refrigerating apparatus comprising a pair of evaporators, a boiler,an absorber, means connecting said boiler and said evaporators forcirculation of an inert gas therebetween, means connecting said boilerand said absorber for circulation of absorption solution therebetween, aheat exchange element arranged to receiv vapors from said boiler, saidelement being positioned below one of said evaporators, a separationchamber positioned above said one evaporator and arranged to receiveliquid from said heat exchange element produced by liquefying saidvapors, means animal for :convering liquid from said vessel to said one.

evaporator, means for conveying liquid whichhas traversed said oneevaporator to said heat exchange element, and means for condensingvapors evolved from liquid which has traversed said one evaporator insaid heat exchange element and for supplying thecondensate to said otherevaporator.

18,. Refrigerating apparatus comprising a pair of evaporators, a boiler,an absorber, means connecting said boiler and said evaporators forcirculation of an inert gas therebetween, means connecting said boilerand said absorber for circulation of absorption solution therebetween, a

ing thereinto and for supplying said vessel with condensate from saidvapor, means for conveying condensate which has traversed said oneevapfzznlnrarefrigerator 'a cabinet structure havingifreezing and foodpreserving compartments, a boiler, an evaporator in said freezingcompartment comprising an elongated conduit underlying and inheatexchange relation with a substantially horizontal receptacle support, anevaporator in said food preserving compartment comprising-an elongatedconduit arranged to cool the air in said compartment, means for flowingliquid discharged from said evaporator in said food preservingcompartment in heat exchange relation with vapor produced in said boilerto liquefy said vapor, means for conducting said liquefied vapor to saidevaporator in said food preserving compartment, means for condensingvapor liberated in said first mentioned means from orator to said heatexchange element, and means for condensing vapors evolved from said lastmenr tioned condensate in said heat exchange element and for supplyingthe resulting liquid to said other evaporator.

. l9. Refrigerating apparatus comprising a pair of evaporators, aboiler, an absorber, means connecting said boiler and saidevaporatorsfor circulation of an inert gas therebetween, means connecting saidboiler and said absorber for cirexchange element to one of saidevaporators,

means for supplying pumping gas from said inert gas clrcuit to said gaslift pump means, means for conveying liquid which has traversed saidsaid liquid discharging from said evaporator in said food preservingcompartment, and means for conducting said last mentioned vapor to saidevaporator in said freezing compartment.

23. In a refrigerator a cabinet structure including insulated freezingand food preserving chambers, an evaporator having an extensive heattransfer area arranged to refrigerate said food preserving chamber, anelongated conduit arranged in said freezing chamber beneath a horizontalreceptacle supporting plate, said conduit being inclined slightly to thehorizontal to provide heat conducting path between said horizontal oneevaporator to said heat exchange element,

heat transfer means, means forsupplying vaporizable liquid which hastraversed said first cooling unit to said heat transfer means, said heattransfer means being constructed and arranged to pass saidrefrigerant-vapor in heat exchange relationship with a vaporizableliquid, means forsupplying to said first cooling unit liquid produced bycondensation of said refrigerant vapor in said heat transfermeans. asecond coolingunit, a condenser, means for conducting to said condenservapor evolved from said vaporlzable liquid, and means for conductingliquid from said condenser to said second cooling unit.

plate and said inclined conduit, a boiler, means for passing liquiddischarged from said evaporator in said food preserving compartment inheat exchange relation with vapor from said boiler to condense saidvapor, means for conducting said condensed vapor into said evaporator insaid food preserving chamber, means for condensing vapor liberated insaid heat exchange means from liq-1 uid-discharged from said; evaporatorin said food preserving chamber, and means for supp y ng the condensateto said evaporator in said freezing chamber.

24. In a refrigerator a cabinet structure including insulated'freezingand food preserving chambers, an evaporator having an: extensive heattransfer area arranged to refrigerate said food preserving chamber, anelongated conduit arranged in said freezing chamber beneath a horizontalreceptacle supporting plate, said conduit through said absorber and saidevaporators in which inert gas which hastraversed saldevaporator in saidfreezing chamber flows through said evaporator in said food preservingchamber and thence to said absorber, means for passing liquid dischargedfrom said evaporator in said food preserving compartment in heatexchange rela- 21. In -a.refrigerator a boiler, a plurality of Ievaporators, means for flowing liquid discharged from a first one ofsaid evaporators in heat ex- 7 tioned means from said liquid dischargingfrom said first evaporator, and means for conducting Said last mentionedvapor to a second evaporator.

tion with vapor from said boiler to condense said vapor, means forconducting said condensed vapor into said evaporator in said foodpreserving chamber, means for condensing vapor liberated in said heatexchange means from liquid discharged from said evaporator in said foodpreserving chamber, and means for condensing said last mentioned vaporand for supplying the condensate to said evaporator in said freezingchamber. V

g 25. In a refrigera ing system that improvement which consists inliquefying vapor of a refrigerant and evolving vapor from a body of saidrefrigerant in liquidphase which has traversed a first place ofevaporation by conducting said vapor and said liquid in heat exchangerelationship with each other, evaporating said liquefied vapor in saidfirst place of evaporation to-produce a first refrigerating effect,passing vapor liberated from said body of refrigerant in liquid phase inheat transfer relationship with a cooling medium to form another body ofrefrigerant in liquid phase, and evaporating said last mentioned body ofrefrigerant in liquid phase, and evaporating said last mentioned body ofrefrigerant in liquid phase in a second place of evaporation to producea second refrigerating efiect.

CURTIS C. COONS.

